HIVAIDS Wikipedia. This article is about the disease. For the virus, see HIV. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome HIVAIDS is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus HIV. 91. Following initial infection, a person may not notice any symptoms or may experience a brief period of influenza like illness. 5 Typically, this is followed by a prolonged period with no symptoms. 6 As the infection progresses, it interferes more with the immune system, increasing the risk of common infections like tuberculosis, as well as other opportunistic infections, and tumors that rarely affect people who have working immune systems. 5 These late symptoms of infection are referred to as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS. 6 This stage is often also associated with weight loss. 6HIV is spread primarily by unprotected sex including anal and oral sex, contaminated blood transfusions, hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. 1. Some bodily fluids, such as saliva and tears, do not transmit HIV. 1. Methods of prevention include safe sex, needle exchange programs, treating those who are infected, and male circumcision. 5 Disease in a baby can often be prevented by giving both the mother and child antiretroviral medication. 5 There is no cure or vaccine however, antiretroviral treatment can slow the course of the disease and may lead to a near normal life expectancy. 67 Treatment is recommended as soon as the diagnosis is made. 1. Without treatment, the average survival time after infection is 1. In 2. 01. 6 about 3. HIV and it resulted in 1 million deaths. 1. There were 3. 00,0. Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome HIVAIDS is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human. Watch the latest Featured Videos on CBSNews. com. View more videos on CBS News, featuring the latest indepth coverage from our news team. HIV cases in 2. 01. Most of those infected live in sub Saharan Africa. 5 Between its discovery and 2. Personal Statement Quote I am so blessed and honoured to receive the Golden Key Fall 2014 Debt Reduction Scholarship. I would like to express my deepest gratitude. News, image gallery, message boards, and downloads. Get the latest news about celebrities, royals, music, TV, and real people. Find exclusive content, including photos and videos, on PEOPLE. com. Well i have a egg not on this freaking list of eggs i bred my peace dragon with my surf dragonForecasts of life expectancy are an important component of public policy that influence agebased entitlement programs such as Social Security and Medicare. Although. AIDS has caused an estimated 3. HIVAIDS is considered a pandemica disease outbreak which is present over a large area and is actively spreading. 1. HIV is believed to have originated in west central Africa during the late 1. AIDS was first recognized by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC in 1. HIV infectionwas identified in the early part of the decade. 2. HIVAIDS has had a great impact on society, both as an illness and as a source of discrimination. 2. The disease also has large economic impacts. 2. There are many misconceptions about HIVAIDS such as the belief that it can be transmitted by casual non sexual contact. 2. The disease has become subject to many controversies involving religion including the Catholic Churchs decision not to support condom use as prevention. 2. It has attracted international medical and political attention as well as large scale funding since it was identified in the 1. Signs and symptoms. There are three main stages of HIV infection acute infection, clinical latency and AIDS. 1Acute infection. Main symptoms of acute HIV infection. The initial period following the contraction of HIV is called acute HIV, primary HIV or acute retroviral syndrome. 22. Many individuals develop an influenza like illness or a mononucleosis like illness 24 weeks post exposure while others have no significant symptoms. 2. Symptoms occur in 4. The rash, which occurs in 2. Some people also develop opportunistic infections at this stage. 2. Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as vomiting or diarrhea may occur. 2. Neurological symptoms of peripheral neuropathy or GuillainBarr syndrome also occurs. 2. The duration of the symptoms varies, but is usually one or two weeks. 2. Due to their nonspecific character, these symptoms are not often recognized as signs of HIV infection. Even cases that do get seen by a family doctor or a hospital are often misdiagnosed as one of the many common infectious diseases with overlapping symptoms. Thus, it is recommended that HIV be considered in people presenting an unexplained fever who may have risk factors for the infection. 2. Clinical latency. The initial symptoms are followed by a stage called clinical latency, asymptomatic HIV, or chronic HIV. 1 Without treatment, this second stage of the natural history of HIV infection can last from about three years3. While typically there are few or no symptoms at first, near the end of this stage many people experience fever, weight loss, gastrointestinal problems and muscle pains. 1 Between 5. Although most HIV 1 infected individuals have a detectable viral load and in the absence of treatment will eventually progress to AIDS, a small proportion about 5 retain high levels of CD4 T cells T helper cells without antiretroviral therapy for more than 5 years. 2. These individuals are classified as HIV controllers or long term nonprogressors LTNP. 3. Another group consists of those who maintain a low or undetectable viral load without anti retroviral treatment, known as elite controllers or elite suppressors. They represent approximately 1 in 3. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS is defined in terms of either a CD4 T cell count below 2. L or the occurrence of specific diseases in association with an HIV infection. 2. In the absence of specific treatment, around half of people infected with HIV develop AIDS within ten years. 2. The most common initial conditions that alert to the presence of AIDS are pneumocystis pneumonia 4. HIV wasting syndrome 2. Other common signs include recurring respiratory tract infections. 2. Opportunistic infections may be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that are normally controlled by the immune system. 3. Which infections occur depends partly on what organisms are common in the persons environment. 2. These infections may affect nearly every organ system. 3. People with AIDS have an increased risk of developing various viral induced cancers, including Kaposis sarcoma, Burkitts lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma, and cervical cancer. 2. Kaposis sarcoma is the most common cancer occurring in 1. HIV. 3. 7 The second most common cancer is lymphoma, which is the cause of death of nearly 1. AIDS and is the initial sign of AIDS in 3 to 4. 3. Both these cancers are associated with human herpesvirus 8. 3. Cervical cancer occurs more frequently in those with AIDS because of its association with human papillomavirus HPV. 3. Conjunctival cancer of the layer that lines the inner part of eyelids and the white part of the eye is also more common in those with HIV. 3. Additionally, people with AIDS frequently have systemic symptoms such as prolonged fevers, sweats particularly at night, swollen lymph nodes, chills, weakness, and unintended weight loss. 3. Diarrhea is another common symptom, present in about 9. AIDS. 4. 0 They can also be affected by diverse psychiatric and neurological symptoms independent of opportunistic infections and cancers. 4. Transmission. Average per act risk of getting HIVby exposure route to an infected source. Exposure route. Chance of infection. Blood transfusion. Childbirth to child2. Needle sharing injection drug use. Percutaneous needle stick. Receptive anal intercourse0. Insertive anal intercourse. Receptive penile vaginal intercourse. Insertive penile vaginal intercourse. Receptive oral intercourse00. Insertive oral intercourse00.